controllers: move controllers base class from lib/base to controllers

TG quickstart put it in lib/base.py , but it fits better on the controllers
layer as a base there.

The contributing docs were a bit ahead of time ... but with a typo.

page: consistently invoke Page with kwargs instead of explicitly providing a custom url generator

Drop the option of providing an url maker as 'url', and thus also hardcode the
assumption that the page parameter is called page.

config: stop using the app_conf sub key - TurboGears2 2.4 will drop it

All [app:main] settings *except* cache_dir are also available at the top level. cache_dir can be found as tg.cache_dir .

helpers: use WebHelpers2 as much as possible - it supports Python3, and WebHelpers is dead

The remaining uses of WebHelpers have to be replaced too - see
https://webhelpers2.readthedocs.io/en/latest/migrate.html .

search: better messaging when the index hasn't been built yet

Improve the situation around the "Please run whoosh indexer" message.

1. It is not a situation that justifies logging a stack trace.
2. Don't just say "whoosh indexer" - it actually has a name: kallithea-cli index-create .
3. Don't report server side commands in the user interface.

search: Actually raise EmptyIndexError if the index hasn't been built yet

It would only log a generic error with:
OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '.../data/index'

auth: refactor to introduce @LoginRequired(allow_default_user=True) and deprecate @NotAnonymous()

It was error prone that @LoginRequired defaulted to allow anonymous users (if
'default' user is enabled). See also 245b4e3abf39.

Refactor code to make it more explicit and safe by default: Deprecate
@NotAnonymous by making it the default of @LoginRequired. That will make it
safe by default.

To preserve same functionality, set allow_default_user=True in all the cases
where @LoginRequired was *not* followed by @NotAnonymous or other permission
checks - that was done with some script hacks:
sed -i 's/@LoginRequired(\(..*\))/@LoginRequired(\1, allow_default_user=True)/g' `hg mani`
sed -i 's/@LoginRequired()/@LoginRequired(allow_default_user=True)/g' `hg mani`
perl -0pi -e 's/\@LoginRequired\(allow_default_user=True\)\n\s*\@NotAnonymous\(\)/\@LoginRequired()/g' `hg mani`
perl -0pi -e 's/\@LoginRequired\(allow_default_user=True\)(\n\s*\@Has(Repo)?Permission)/\@LoginRequired()\1/g' `hg mani`

It has been reviewed that all uses of allow_default_user=True are in places
where the there indeed wasn't any checking for default user before. These may
or may not be correct, but now they are explicit and can be spotted and fixed.

The few remaining uses of @NotAnonymous should probably be removed somehow.

controllers: remove empty __before__ methods

__before__ methods that only call the super __before__ method are redundant
and can be removed. The super's method will be called directly.

tg: minimize future diff by some mocking and replacing some pylons imports with tg

No actual tg dependency yet, just a temporary hack faking tg as an alias for
pylons.

Based on work by Alessandro Molina.

search: make "repository:" condition work case-insensitively as expected

Before this revision, "repository:" condition at searching for "Commit
messages" never shows revisions in a repository, of which name uses
upper case letter.

Using ID for "repository" of CHGSETS_SCHEMA preserves case of
repository name at indexing. On the other hand, search condition
itself is forcibly lowered before parsing.

- files in repository "FOO" is indexed as "FOO" in "repository" field
- "repository:FOO" condition is treated as "repository:foo:

Then, indexing search itself is executed case-sensitively. Therefore,
"repository:FOO" condition never show revisions in repository "FOO".

But just making "repository" of CHGSETS_SCHEMA case-insensitive isn't
reasonable enough, because it breaks assumptions below, if there is
case-insensitive name collision between repositories, even though
Kallithea itself can manage such repositories at same time.

- combination of "raw_id" (= revision hash ID) and "repository" is
unique between all known revisions under Kallithea

CHGSETS_SCHEMA assumes this.

This unique-ness is required by Whoosh library to determine
whether index table should be updated or not for that repository.

- searching in a repository shows only revisions in that repository

Before this revision, this filtering is achieve by "repository:"
condition with case-preserved repository name from requested URL.

To make "repository:" search condition work case-insensitively as
expected (without any violation of assumptions above), this revision
does:

- make "repository" of CHGSETS_SCHEMA case-insensitive by
"analyzer=ICASEIDANALYZER"

- introduce "repository_rawname" into SCHEMA and CHGSETS_SCHEMA, to
ensure assumptions described above, by preserving case of
repository name

"repository_rawname" of SCHEMA uses not ID but TEXT, because the
former disable "positions" feature, which is required for
highlight-ing file content (see previous revision for detail).

This revision requires full re-building index tables, because indexing
schemas are changed.

helpers: move Page/RepoPage to a separate file page.py

The Page and RepoPage classes are not used from templates and thus do not
belong in helpers.
They could have been put in utils.py, but because they are completely
standalone we can easily split them to a separate file.

controllers: simplify request.GET.get for safe_int

Don't specify the default value twice - the one for safe_int is enough.

cleanup: fix 'try ... except ...' formatting missed in d69aa464f373

Examples spotted by Jiří Suchan <yed@vanyli.net>.

Correct licensing information in individual files.

The top-level license file is now LICENSE.md.

Also, in various places where there should have been joint copyright holders
listed, a single copyright holder was listed. It does not appear easy to add
a link to a large list of copyright holders in these places, so it simply
refers to the fact that various authors hold copyright.

In future, if an easy method is discovered to link to a list from those
places, we should do so.

Finally, text is added to LICENSE.md to point to where the full list of
copyright holders is, and that Kallithea as a whole is GPLv3'd.

Second step in two-part process to rename directories.
This is the actual directory rename.